故事：直流电机的秘密使者 —— 探索驱动技术的奇妙征程

在我们日常生活中，直流电机无处不在，它们小到家用电器，大到工业和汽车设备，都有着广泛的应用。让我们深入探索这两大类别——绕组磁场直流电机和永磁磁场直流电机，尤其是其中的有刷和无刷直流电机。

有刷与无刷：两种不同命运

二者作为老生常谈的电机类型，其最大差异体现在它们各自的工作原理上。有刷直流电机会使用永磁力作为定子，而线圈则绕在转子上。在这个过程中，通过碳刷与换向器之间机械作用来传输能量，这正是它被称为“有刷”的原因。而无刷直流電機則轉子的與定子的間沒有換向器這樣一個機械部件。

有brushed motor是一种线圈由于连接状态、交流产生、固定磁体与外侧线圈极性关系而沿相同方向持续运动，从而使转子旋转。而無brushed motor则通过不同线圈中的電流量入出，使得外侧磁体转子旋转。随着高效能率驱动技术不断发展，无brushed motor因其优势逐渐取代了have brushed motor的地位。

尽管如此，有brushed motor仍然是一个低成本且可靠选择，在合适配置开关后能够实现良好的性能。此外，由于几乎不需要电子控制装置，所以整个系统相对便宜，并且节省了配线空间及降低了成本。在那些对能效没有特别要求的情况下，它提供了很高的性价比。

Electrical Motor and Drive: The Unbreakable Bond

Electric motors and drives are inseparable, especially with the changing market demands placing higher requirements on electric drive systems. First and foremost is the high reliability, which includes various protection functions that are essential. Moreover, it requires built-in current limitation to control the electric current during startup, forced stop or blocking torque.

High-performance digital control techniques for speed and phase control as well as precise position control algorithms for actuators are now an indispensable part of developing high-performance electric machine applications. These algorithms need to be easily accessible to design engineers.

Furthermore, many manufacturers have begun integrating these algorithms into hardware ICs for more convenient usage by design engineers. The pursuit of lower power consumption and higher efficiency in drive technology continues unabated.

Half-bridge driving is a typical driving method for DC motors that produces a large alternating current through power switches to generate trigger signals that further drive the motor. Compared to full-bridge driving circuits, half-bridge circuits are cost-effective but also prone to waveform degradation between switching conversions due to oscillations.

Full-bridge circuits cost more but are less complex in formation; they tend not produce backflow currents. PWM (Pulse Width Modulation) drives have become increasingly popular in direct-current machines because they can reduce energy consumption while achieving better performance levels in terms of wide pulse width modulation coverage and frequency range expansion at reduced power dissipation.

When applying PWM driving technique on brushed motors, switch losses increase with increasing PWM frequency; however balancing frequency against efficiency needs careful consideration. Brushless motors' sinusoidal excitation PWM drives yield outstanding results despite being complex designs.

Conclusion:

As terminal markets evolve with ever-changing functional requirements on their products, direct-current machines find themselves under pressure to enhance performance while maintaining efficiency standards across different scenarios whether using brushed or brushless DC machines alike.

The choice of appropriate driver technology must be carefully selected based on specific application needs so as ensure reliable operation coupled with smooth running at improved efficiencies.

The story unfolds further as we continue our journey exploring cutting-edge technologies capable of unlocking new possibilities within this fascinating realm where electrical machinery meets innovative advancements!